Syncope (Fainting) in Children

What is syncope?

Syncope (fainting) happens when a child briefly loses consciousness and falls. It is usually caused by a drop in blood flow to the brain and lasts only a few seconds to minutes.

Common causes of syncope

  1. Benign (harmless) causes

    • Standing too long

    • Sudden standing (postural hypotension)

    • Dehydration

    • Hunger/low blood sugar

    • Anxiety or fear (e.g., seeing blood)

  2. Medical causes

    • Vasovagal syncope (common fainting due to nervous system response)

    • Heart conditions (arrhythmias, structural issues)

    • Neurological conditions (rare)

    • Certain medications

When to Seek Medical Attention

Seek medical attention if your child:

  • Faints during exercise or while playing sports

  • Has chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or shortness of breath

  • Takes a long time to wake up

  • Has seizures (jerking movements)

  • Faints multiple times without clear reason

How is syncope diagnosed?

Doctors may use:

  • Medical history & physical exam

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) for heart function

  • Tilt table test to check blood pressure responses

  • Blood tests to check for anemia or blood sugar issues

Prevention and Home care

  • Hydration: Encourage drinking plenty of fluids.

  • Nutrition: Avoid skipping meals.

  • Posture: Teach slow standing up from sitting/lying down.

  • Breathing Techniques: Teach deep breathing for anxiety.

  • Avoid Triggers: Reduce exposure to extreme heat, stress, or long-standing.

Most fainting episodes in children are harmless. However, knowing when to seek medical advice ensures your child’s safety and well-being.